Body mass index
Body mass index is mathematical formula that takes into account both a person’s height and weight.
Measure of body weight relative to height table:
| Adults |
Women |
Men |
| anorexia |
< 17.5 |
| underweight |
<19.1 |
<20.7 |
| in normal range |
19.1-25.8 |
20.7-26.4 |
| marginally overweight |
25.8-27.3 |
26.4-27.8 |
| overweight |
27.3-32.3 |
27.8-31.1 |
| very overweight or obese |
>32.3 |
>31.1 |
| severely obese |
35 - 40 |
| morbidly obese |
40 - 50 |
| super obese |
50 - 60 |
N.B. For children, there was no suitable BMI criteria.
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Calories
Calorie is a unit for energy quality measurement. This term refers to everything, which contains energy charge. For example one liter petrol for instance contains approximately 7750000 calories. By the calories which have in 217 Big Mac hamburgers from McDonald’s, you can pass 35 km. distance with your car.
Calorie is the energy quality or heat, which is necessary for the temperature of 1 kg. water to be increased with round about 1 degree. One calorie is equivalent to 4.184 joules, a unit for energy measurement, used in physic.
Most of us associate calories with things which we eat and drink, but in fact these calories are actually kilocalories (1000 calories = 1 kilocalorie). The same refers and for drills-when the practice scheme shows that you will burn 100 calories, this really means 100000 calorie burning.
All we need from energy to survive - for breathing, for moving, for normal blood circulation and this energy comes from the nutrients we take. The calories calculated in the food, which we consume, serves as energy quality measurement of the particular food product. One gram carbohydrates have 4 calories, 1 gram proteins also have 4 calories, and 1 gram fat contains 9 calories. The nutrients are compilation of these three basic elements. So, if you know how many carbohydrates, fats and proteins have in the exact nutrient, you easily can calculate the exact calories or energy that, this product gives you.
Our body burns calories by metabolic processes, when enzymes remove the fence of carbohydrates up to glucose and other sugars, fats up to glycerin and fatty acids, and proteins up to amino acids. After that, all these molecules transfer by the blood circulation to cells, where they are being absorbed for immediate usage or participate in the final metabolic stage, when they react with oxygen and release the collected in themselves energy.
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The power of the vitamins
The power of the vitamins
At tiredness – the body needs vitamins A, C and E and misses the microelements zinc and selenium. You can take multivitamins preparations.
If you have a running nose – vitamin C increases the lymphocytes activity. They protect us from different viruses and microbes. At first cold symptoms you should take a lot of vitamin C in the course of three days. After this period you can decrease the dose.
At obesity – in this case vitamins А, В, С, D and Е are obligatory. Vitamin deficiency blocks the normal metabolism. The body could not normally produces enzymes, which are necessary for fat pull down the fence. The numbered enzymes should always be included in diets.
If you have dark circles round the eyes– skin needs in most cases vitamin B-complex, which has important role in removing the fence of collected from the cells water. You can use creams with avocado, jojoba or borage.
If you have pre-menstrual pain – organism misses vitamin C and you can take effervescent tablets vitamin C with iron. At menstrual period besides the pain, women became more short tempered and sometimes fall in stress conditions. In this case you can take vitamin B6.
At skin allergies – the real reason for skin hypersensitiveness still is not known, but the more vitamins and minerals there are in the body, the better it is protected.
At loosing skin – vitamins A and E strain the skin and increase its elasticity. They protect it from different damages, caused by the environment. A multivitamins preparations help in this cases.
If you hair loses its shine –the organism suffers from vitamin A, E and calcium deficiency and you have to take them during 30 days. They will make your hair more beautiful and will strengthen your nails, too.
Heart diseases –both women and men are in danger from heart attack. The regular vitamin usage protects them and decreases with 50% the risk from sudden heart attack.
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Coenzyme Q10 drops off the pharmaceuticals to hypertonia
Coenyzme Q10 is not a vitamin, but it exists in every cell in our body and actively participates in a lot of metabolic processes. The co-enzyme is a very important antioxidant- destroys the remained from oxidation damaging residia in cells, by this way protects them from malignant process.
The co-enzyme founds in a lot of foods – beef, kidneys, peanuts, and soy-butter. The full value diet kept enough quality of the vitamin in tissues. Although with the ages this necessary quantity decreases, therefore Q10 is a very important food supplement for elder people- but, from the quality which we consumed only one third assimilates.
The coenzyme affects high blood pressure and normalizes it by decreasing it with 20-30 mm after two weeks medical treatment. According German scientist’s examinations, Q10 is a specific medicine for damaged heart muscle. Even in small doses co-enzyme gives very good effect at ischemic heart disease, also Q10 strengths the heart muscle work.
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Energy drinks - reality and misbelieves
Energy drinks
Today we can buy energy drinks from everywhere. According their manufacturers, they could heal us from tiredness and sleepless, to picks up our tonus and to increase our work capability. The doctors have different opinion about this “magic” drinks. Most of the energy drinks contain caffeine, which has the ability to stimulate vitality strengths, and in very rear cases contains Ghen-shen and guarana.
One energy drink (250-330 ml.) contains caffeine in amount, equivalent to one cup strong coffee. Taurin (400-1000 mg. in 300 ml) almost always consists into the composition of the beverages; it is a natural product and someone thinks that has very positive influences to the heart muscle, but still enough science proof misses.
Energy drinks contains vitamin C, B1, В2, В3 and В12. The beverage use is to increases the organism vitality tonus. In fact they can manage with this task only 20-30%.
Taurin participates in nerve impulses passage to the muscles, and co-enzyme Q10, which takes as a muscle work helper, both of them activates the organism. Their beverage containing are low and do not provoke unexpected reactions.
It could be made the conclusion, that 1-2 cans of energy drink do not have bad influence to the young body, but what will be the benefit of them is a matter of question and the answer depends on the present body condition and the drink used. People suffer from diabetes have to know, that these beverages, with little exceptions, contain sugar (8-10 %).
Caffeine acts as a stimulator: 100 mg. of caffeine stimulates brain activity and more of 200 mg. increases cordially- vascular strength. But minimum three cans are needed to be achieved this effect, because most of the energy drinks contain only 34 to 90 mg. caffeine. However such quality could have negative results – hyper-excitedness, high blood pressure and pulse, higher blood sugar levels, too. Energy drinks could not harm our health, but their usage and quality have to be appropriate to the individual body condition.
Undesirable consequences could be provoked by energy drink and alcohol combining. The caffeine increases blood pressure, but in alcohol combination its effect enhances many times.
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Aspirin - Is it vitamin or not?
The aspirin exists already more over 100 years. Firms produce aspirin in different forms, but in its nature this is acetyl-salicylic acid. According Garet Morgan researche’s aspirin can be suggested as vitamin S and he points out several reasons for that:
1. The aspirin relieves pain, decreases temperature and removes inflammations. In the recent decades it becomes clear, that aspirin lessen blood coagulation and in small amounts prevents from heart attack.
2. According scientists the regular aspirin assimilation decreases the risk from colon and breast cancer with 20-30%, and twice from stomach and throttle cancer.
3. Aspirin prevents from Alzheimer disease. According Garet Morgan the preventive assimilation of aspirin after 50’s double the person chances to reach 90 years without serous ills.
Is it vitamin or not ?
Usually the substances called vitamins are necessary for metabolic processes. The organism can not produces them in the needed amount and that is why we had to take them by the food. This is the same also for the only aspirin analogs, which naturally consist in plants- so called salicylates. In huge amounts they can be found in the bark of white willow, raspberries and other forest fruits.
Before, human was assimilating more raw fruits, by this way he was receiving enough natural aspirin doses. Due to this he was protected from different diseases, including heart attack.
According Morgan the salicylates:
- are not synthesized in human;
- they are beneficial for the organism;
- can be found in plant food.
All this is typical for the vitamins. That is way the English doctor usually suggests a minimal aspirin doses to be added in juices and other products.
But there are skeptics about this suggestion, because following reasons:
- the acetyl-salicylic food deficiency does not have the same effect like other vitamins deficiency.
- the aspirin has not to be taken from children under 14 years. At some persons aspirin provokes liver and brain function disturbance.
- in 5% from the humans which take aspirin, stomach irritations are observed.
- in very sensitive people, aspirin can provoke asthma, allergic rhinitis and skin eruption.
Such serious sideway effects do not exist at any other vitamins assimilation, but the dosage is with significant meaning and the ideal case for the organism is to be taken aspirin analogs, by plant foods.
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Vitamins B group
“B” group vitamins help in normal function maintaining of nerves, skin, eyes, hair, liver, and mouth, also assist the normal digestive system muscle tone and proper brain function. The B-complex vitamins are co-enzymes, which support the enzyme’s chemical reactions with other substances, take part in energy production and can be useful in depression and inconvenience conditions relieving. These vitamins are very important for old people, because according recent researches the Alzheimer disease is due to the decreased vitamin B12 and vitamins from B-complex assimilation. Vitamins from the “B”-group have to be taken together, because they have a complex act and one’s deficiency often leads to another.
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Antioxidants - Vitamine C
Vitamin C is an antioxidant necessary for at least 300 metabolic organism functions: for tissue growth and recovery, for the normal function of several glands and for healthy gums, too. Its assists also the anti-stress hormone and interferon production (protein important for the immune system) and is necessary for the folic acid, tyrosine and phenylalanine metabolism.
The vitamin C assimilation can relieves asthma symptoms. Vitamin C protects from the destroying effect of the environment pollution, also assists the anti-cancer prophylactics, protects from infections and increases the immunity. Organism iron absorption increases at vitamin C availability. This vitamin can binds toxic substances, like heavy metals, and returns them in form suitable for throwing out from the organism. Even the “black widow” spider’s poison can be making harmless with huge vitamin C doses application.
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Vitamins and multivitamins activity
Vitamins are the basic nutrition along with proteins, fats, carbohydrates and mineral salts. They regulate all metabolic processes, as their catalytic activity is main function. Vitamins are essential for the normal body reactions fulfillment, for nutrition assimilation, for cells and tissue grow and recovery.
Regular vitamin intake increases the organism immunity and its firmness against the aggressive environment factors. Vitamins help the blood development, liver and hormonal functions, too. They are necessary for normal proteins, fats, carbohydrates and mineral salts usage. In the presence of vitamin deficiency the regular metabolism of the listed essential substances is break. The specific vitamin deficiency can lead to all other vitamins assimilation disturbance. Their biological activity depends on the quantity of food proteins. Proteins deficiency disturbs the vitamin C, B1, B2, carotene and etc., assimilation. That is why the vitamin deficiency is connected with the protein lack. With right organized daily diet, the organism takes all necessary vitamins and additional synthetic vitamins are not needed. The natural vitamins are easy assimilated and have better influence than their synthetic analogs.
The organism vitamin needs depends on sex, age, physiological activity, profession and labour conditions. Daily vitamins doses increase with pregnancy, breast feeding, intensive physical and intellectual activity, at sport activities and after infection diseases period.
The vitamins deficiency or lack can causes specific shortage conditions and diseases called hypo- and avitaminousis. From other side the extreme vitamins intake leads to hyper vitaminousis.
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